Imagine: you are newly appointed counselor at a University and you have been given the responsibility of providing a report on the stresses of being student

MARKING SCHEME FOR CONTENT OF THE ESSAY (90% OF THE FINAL MARK):
Imagine. You are a newly appointed counsellor at a University and you have been given the responsibility of providing a report on the stresses of being a student.
TICKS GIVEN FOR: The most applicable is the student environment must give examples plus ticks for explanations (theory) used (inc. names/ studies etc). Of course the areas listed below are not the only aspects you get marks for other external relevant information per section are also allotted ticks too.

a) The sources of stress (out of 23)
Sources of stress within the person
Sources of stress within the family
the community
the environment
Stress as a transaction relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised as taxing or exceeding resources or endangering well-being e.g. Lazarus etc PRIMARY APPRAISAL

b) The possible effects of stress (out of 23)
The physiology of stress Nervous system
– Endocrine system
Response theories The Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex complex (HPA)
The Sympathetic-adrenal medulla complex (SAM)
The General Adaptation Syndrome (Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion)
Can stress be good for you (Yerkes-Dodson law) eustress (Selye)
COGNITIVE EFFECTS motivation, learned helplessness, attribution style locus of control, depression
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM T-cells, B-cells, NK cells, others infection more probable + depression effects

c) Individual coping strategies (out of 23)
SECONDARY APPRAISAL evaluation of the ability to cope resourses? biological, social, psychological..
Determinants of strategy Appraisal, situational factors, coping style (LoC, self-esteem, psychological resources)
Problem versus emotion focussed
Enhancing social support
Improving personal control
Organising/ time management
Exercising
Gender differences
Mediators of stress illness link personality (NA, Optimism, Hardiness, Type A/ B) , control, social support (instrumental, informational, emotion/ esteem, appraisal, social companionship)

d) Possible institutional interventions that might make the students role a happy one! (out of 23)
Reducing stress Medication (biomedical model), Cognitive and behavioural methods = relaxation, systematic desensitization, biofeedback, modelling, cognitive restructuring (rational emotive therapy, cognitive therapy), stress inoculation training, meditation, hypnosis OTHER INTERVENTIONS? +1 FOR EACH
Stress management education (learn what stress is and how to identify stressors in own life), skills acquisition & practice (+ monitor the effectiveness of the stress management techniques used

THE MARKING CRITERIA FOR EACH AREA (CONTENT (90%), STRUCTURE/ EXPRESSION e.g. spelling, sentence structure, paragraphs, beginning/ middle/ end (5%), AND REFERENCING APA format, correct referencing in text, and names appear in the text appear in reference section plus vice versa (5%) ARE :
If you request your second copy of the essay you will see a series of ticks (relevant information, justified with study evidence from primary journal sources = 1 point),or points (relevant information with no research evidence cited)
EXPRESSION/ STRUCTURE (out of 5%)
1% 2% 3% 4% 5%
Well Below Average (very conversational/ informal*) and/ or lots of mistakes etc Below Average (Conversational often*) and/ or Some major structural issues +/ or lots of spelling errors/ paragraphs? Average (Maybe either no intro or conclusion plus some minor spelling/grammar or informality issues at times*)
Bullet points used Good (Pretty well structured and good writing in a consistently formal language befitting an academic piece of work*) Very Good (Very well structured and written in a formal academic way*)
*It is noted that you are allowed to be informal in the last section when you assume the role of the counsellor so I can be used without fear of penalty.
REFERENCING (out of 5%)
1% 2% 3% 4% 5%
Very Poor but still at least one reference in text matching the reference section (Lots of text with no references used at all plus lots of mistakes)
More references!
Poor lots of mistakes +/ or Very few sources used and/ or (2 or more references in the text do not appear in the ref section or vice versa) +/ or text with no primary sources/ more references! Average mostly books plus a few articles = more primary sources needed +/ or format mistakes or (at least one name in text does not appear in the ref section or vice versa) Good many books and articles used (some up to date 2000s included) with only one or two minor mistakes made Very Good multiple books and articles used + up to date sources (2000s) no mistakes made

P.S.: the essay should be written on the 3rd person. However, the part c) can be on 1st person.